Research Use Only. KIRhub outputs are computational research artifacts. They are not validated for clinical decision-making, diagnosis, or treatment.
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inconclusive

Is MERTK on tumor cells in ZFTA-RELA but on macrophages in PFA?

ModeledSpeculative
Question
The most clinically novel claim in the hypothesis: MERTK serves as a tumor-cell target in ZFTA-RELA but as a macrophage target in PFA — same drug class, different mechanism by subgroup. Tested via the ranker's primary-driver-kinase output + HALLMARK_INFLAMMATORY_RESPONSE as a myeloid proxy.
What we found
Can't tell. MERTK never appears as a primary driver kinase in our top-10 across any of the 370 EPN samples (0%). At our analytical resolution the compartmental signal is invisible.
Caveat
Bulk pathway-level scoring cannot resolve tumor-vs-myeloid compartment. xCell / CIBERSORTx deconvolution from bulk RNA or scRNA reference (Frontiers 2022 PFA scRNA) is the right tool. A null result here is NOT a refutation of the biology.
Next step
Park until raw RNA + scRNA reference is ingested into the pipeline. Then run gene-level MERTK z-score + compartment deconvolution per sample.
Scroll for the data, methods, and per-sample detail.
⏸ Inconclusive. MERTK is invisible to pathway-level scoring (0% driver rate across all 370 EPN). Reactivation requires raw RNA + compartment deconvolution (xCell/CIBERSORTx) or scRNA ingestion (Frontiers 2022). See module hub.

MERTK dual-compartment

Does MERTK appear as a driver kinase differently across ZFTA-RELA (n=117) and PFA (n=123), and does that correlate with inflammatory pathway activity (myeloid infiltration proxy)?

✗ MERTK signal absent at this resolution

MERTK does not appear as a primary driver kinase in our ranker's top-10 across any EPN cohort. The compartmental hypothesis cannot be tested with pathway-level data; gene-level RNA + scRNA deconvolution would be required to evaluate it properly.

Per-cohort signal

ModeledSpeculative
CohortnMERTK as driver (top-10)Inflammatory score mediancorr(MERTK count, inflam)
ZFTA-RELA1170.0%0.030
PFA (broad)1230.0%-0.040
Other EPN1300.0%

Why anti-PD-1 has failed in PFA — and what dual-compartment MERTK would change

Single-agent anti-PD-1 immunotherapy has repeatedly failed in posterior-fossa group A (PFA) ependymoma. The mechanism is well-documented: PFA tumors are immunologically cold — low tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) density combined with an M2-skewed tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) compartment that actively excludes cytotoxic T cells. Checkpoint blockade has nothing to release.

The dual-compartment MERTK hypothesis flips this. MERTK is the dominant efferocytosis kinase keeping TAMs in an M2 / immunosuppressive state. A MERTK inhibitor would repolarize M2 → M1, restore T-cell infiltration, and prime the tumor for combination anti-PD-1 — converting a cold tumor into a hot one. Same drug class, different mechanism than ZFTA-RELA, where MERTK (if present on tumor cells) would act as a direct cytotoxic target.

Predicted treatment strategy by subgroup × compartment

Conditional on validating MERTK signal with gene-level RNA + compartment deconvolution (xCell/CIBERSORTx) or scRNA reference. Hypothetical map; not a treatment recommendation.

Tumor MERTK highMyeloid MERTK highZFTA-RELAPFAsubgroup ↓compartment →MonotherapyMERTK inhibitorReformulateoff-frameworkReformulateoff-frameworkComboMERTK + anti-PD-1Other EPN / no MERTK signal → insufficient signal — not actionable at this resolution
monotherapy lanecombo lane (the novel claim)off-framework / reformulate

Per-sample distribution

ModeledSpeculative

MERTK-driver count = number of top-10 drugs (per sample) whose primary driver kinases include MERTK. Most cells are 0 here — see "Caveats" below.

SampleCohortInflam scoreMERTK driver count
No EPN sample has MERTK as a driver in any of its top-10 drugs.

How this test runs (caveats)

PRD §EPN-4 prefers bulk-RNA deconvolution into tumor vs myeloid compartments (xCell/CIBERSORTx). That isn't in the precompute pipeline. We approximate compartmental MERTK by checking primary_driver_kinases from F-40's top-10 drug rankings, and use HALLMARK_INFLAMMATORY_RESPONSE as a myeloid-infiltration proxy. Treat as exploratory — a strong signal here justifies Frontiers 2022 scRNA ingestion, a null signal does not refute the hypothesis.

A null signal here does not refute the dual-compartment hypothesis — it tells us Pathway-level scoring (which compresses gene-level expression through GSVA pathway scores before ranking drugs) is the wrong lens. To evaluate this insight properly, KIRhub needs (a) per-sample gene-level RNA materialized into a queryable parquet, and (b) compartment deconvolution via xCell/CIBERSORTx or scRNA ingestion (Frontiers 2022, Gillen 2020, Gojo 2020).

Research Use Only · dataset saifudeen2026 1.0.0 · api 0.1.0 · 155 ms
# Platform
Saifudeen, A., et al. (2026). KIRhub: a falsification-first research workbench for translational oncology. Nature Biotechnology. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-026-03090-8

# Data source
McFerrin, L. G., et al. (2018). Oncoscape: a tool for interactive cancer genomics data analysis. Nature Genetics.
Arora, S., et al. (2026). A pan-pediatric brain tumor reference map: medulloblastoma and ependymoma in shared UMAP space. Neuro-Oncology.

# Datasets used in this insight
Oncoscape pediatric brain tumor compendium (n=1,358)

# Provenance
insight_id: mertk-dual-compartment